In the third episode of his new series, AfterMath, Edward Frenkel dives into the question of whether computers can ever reach the cognitive capacity of the human mind -- specifically, in the realm of mathematics. While computers excel at number crunching, they struggle with general mathematical statements. Edward introduces the concept of the Turing Wall, a fundamental limit to what computers can do with numbers, named in honor of Alan Turing, the father of modern computing. Frenkel further explores insights from Alfred Tarski's Undefinability Theorem (closely connected to Kurt Gödel's Incompleteness Theorems). And he also touches upon the limitations of Large Language Models, such as ChatGPT, in handling mathematical truths. At the end of the episode, Frenkel goes back to the 3D sphere he talked about in Episode #2. He gives a 4D spacetime demonstration of it, using... a balloon.

Edward Frenkel is a professor of mathematics at UC Berkeley, member of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences, winner of the Hermann Weyl Prize and the Euler Book Prize, and author of the international bestseller “Love and Math” which has been published in 20 languages.

LINKS:

•⁠ ⁠Edward Frenkel's Official Website: https://edwardfrenkel.com

• ⁠Frenkel's X/Twitter: https://x.com/edfrenkel

•⁠ Edward Frenkel's LinkedIn https://www.linkedin.com/in/edfrenkel/

•⁠ Edward Frenkel's Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/edfrenkel

•⁠ Edward Frenkel's Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/edfrenkel/

•⁠ Edward Frenkel’s SoundCloud (DJ Moonstein): https://soundcloud.com/moonstein

Tarski's Undefinability Theorem: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tarski%27s_undefinability_theorem

Gödel's Incompleteness Theorems: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/G%C3%B6del%27s_incompleteness_theorems

Alan Turing's quote is from his report "Proposed Electronic Calculator" submitted to the Executive Committee of the National Physical Laboratory in February 1946, published as Chapter 20 of the book "Alan Turing's Automatic Computing Engine: The Master Codebreaker's Struggle to build the Modern Computer," ed. B. Jack Copeland, Oxford University Press, 2008.

Michael Atiyah's quote is from page 1 of the book "The Unravelers: Mathematical Snapshots" edited by Jean-François Dars, Annick Lesne, and Anne Papillault, translated by Vivienne Méla, A K Peters, 2008. It is included in the article "Sir Michael Atiyah, a Knight Mathematician" by Alain Connes and Joseph Kouneiher, published in the Notices of AMS, vol. 66, No. 10, pp. 1660-1671, 2019.

Eric Weinstein's X/Twitter: https://x.com/EricRWeinstein

We used clips from the following films:

The Imitation Game, directed by Morten Tyldum, 2014: https://www.imdb.com/title/tt2084970/

A Few Good Men, directed by Rob Reiner, 1992: https://www.imdb.com/title/tt0104257/

I Heart Huckabees, directed by David O. Russell, 2004: https://www.imdb.com/title/tt0356721/

Dreamy image at the end (homage to Marc Chagall): https://www.craiyon.com/fr/image/kOKc1OCVSa6WwXVF8MJ0hQ

Edward Frenkel’s book “Love and Math”: https://amzn.to/4evbBkS

CREDITS:

Production: Anna Fedorova
Editing: Didi Kayling
Animation: Ross Flat Pack FX

For all business inquiries please contact frenkelmath@gmail.com

© 2025 by Edward Frenkel